Analysis of Drug Trafficking Convictions in Jammu and Kashmir

Published On: April 1, 2025

Jammu and Kashmir has been grappling with a significant drug menace, leading to numerous arrests under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act. However, the conviction rates in Drug Trafficking Convictions in Jammu and Kashmir remain alarmingly low, raising concerns about the efficacy of the legal and enforcement mechanisms in place.

Arrests and Convictions: A Stark Contrast

As reported by Kashmir Observer, Between 2019 and 2024, Jammu and Kashmir witnessed a total of 13,186 arrests under the NDPS Act. The annual breakdown is as follows:

2019: 1,700 arrests
2020: 1,769 arrests
2021: 2,217 arrests
2022: 2,755 arrests
2023: 3,072 arrests
2024 (up to date): 1,673 arrests

Despite this substantial number of arrests, only four convictions were recorded during the same period:

2019: 1 conviction
2020: 0 convictions
2021: 1 conviction
2022: 1 conviction
2023: 0 convictions
2024: 1 conviction

This disparity highlights significant challenges within the judicial and investigative processes related to drug-related offenses as per reports of DailyExcelsior.com

Government’s Zero Tolerance Policy and Enforcement Measures

In response to the escalating drug crisis, the Jammu and Kashmir Government has implemented a “Zero Tolerance Policy” against drug trafficking. This comprehensive strategy encompasses prevention, enforcement, treatment, rehabilitation, and Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) initiatives. Key measures include:Rising Kashmir+1dailyexcelsior.com+1

Enhanced Law Enforcement: Since 2023, authorities have registered 3,190 drug-related cases and arrested 4,536 individuals involved in the narcotics trade, as per reported by Dailyexcelsior.com
Targeting Drug Kingpins: The Prevention of Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (PIT NDPS) Act has been invoked against major traffickers, resulting in 463 detention orders over the past 18 months, reported by Kashmir Rising.
Seizure and Disposal of Narcotics: In 2023, law enforcement agencies seized commercial quantities of narcotics in 319 instances, with an additional 110 seizures recorded in the first half of 2024. To prevent misuse, 29,306 kg of drugs and 74,179 pharmaceutical items were destroyed in 2023, followed by 4,365 kg of drugs and 26,772 pharmaceuticals in the first half of 2024.
Financial Disruption of Drug Networks: Authorities have attached properties worth ₹10.36 crore related to NDPS cases since 2023, aiming to dismantle the financial infrastructure supporting drug trafficking.

Challenges in Achieving Convictions

The stark contrast between the number of arrests and convictions points to several systemic challenges:

Investigative Shortcomings: Effective prosecution requires meticulous investigation and evidence collection. The low conviction rates suggest potential gaps in these areas, necessitating capacity building and training for law enforcement personnel.
Judicial Delays: Prolonged legal proceedings can hinder timely convictions. Streamlining judicial processes and ensuring dedicated fast-track courts for NDPS cases may address this issue.
Witness Protection: Ensuring the safety and cooperation of witnesses is crucial for successful prosecutions. Implementing robust witness protection programs can enhance the willingness of individuals to testify against drug traffickers.

Rehabilitation and Community Engagement

Beyond enforcement, the government has prioritized rehabilitation and community awareness:

De-Addiction Centers: Multiple centers have been established, recording 14,180 outpatient visits and 1,931 inpatient treatments in 2023. These facilities offer medical and psychological support to individuals battling addiction. Rising Kashmir
Public Awareness Campaigns: Over 19,000 programs were conducted in 2023 to educate the youth about the dangers of drug abuse. Initiatives like the Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyan have declared 940 Panchayats/Urban Local Bodies as drug-free zones, promoting community involvement in combating the drug menace. Rising Kashmir

The fight against drug trafficking in Jammu and Kashmir is multifaceted, involving stringent enforcement, judicial reforms, rehabilitation, and community engagement. While significant strides have been made in arrests and seizures, the low conviction rates underscore the need for systemic improvements in investigation and prosecution processes. A holistic approach, addressing both supply and demand, is essential to mitigate the impact of narcotics on society and safeguard the future of the region’s youth.